Insomnia Signs and Symptoms

Signs and Symptoms

Introduction

The subjective perception of difficulty in sleep initiation, duration, consolidation, or quality of sleep, occurring despite adequate opportunities for sleep, and resulting in daytime dysfunction
The most prevalent sleep disorder in the general population, therefore, it is an important public health problem that needs accurate diagnosis and effective treatment
Approximately 10% of adults have insomnia
- 30-50% of the population is affected by occasional, short-term insomnia
- The prevalence of chronic insomnia disorder is estimated to be at least 5-10% in industrialized nations
- More common in females and older adults

Risk Factors

Increasing age
- Elderly individuals must be assessed for insomnia as they report more forms of sleeping difficulty including lower rates of sleep efficiency, longer sleep onset times, increased number of nighttime awakenings, more time in bed, earlier wake up times and more daytime naps
Female gender
Medical and psychiatric disease (eg depression, mood disorders)
Socioeconomic factors (eg marital strain, financial strain, unemployment)

Product Highlight - Spravato

01 Dec 2021

Esketamine nasal spray 28 mg per device

HCV pangenotypic DAA therapy in a patient with concomitant antipsychotic treatment

Dr. Ting-Ting Chan, 27 Oct 2023

A 43-year-old male former intravenous drug user presented with incidental findings of elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in December 2021. The patient had depression and drug-induced psychosis associated with previous heroin, ketamine and methamphetamine use. He was on quetiapine 300 mg daily for his psychotic symptoms, pantoprazole 40 mg daily as needed for occasional acid reflux, and simvastatin 10 mg daily for hyperlipidaemia. He did not have hepatitis B virus (HBV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection.

Long-acting ART effective in and preferred by PLHIV

Dr. Moti Ramgopal, 19 Apr 2023

Cabotegravir (CAB) plus rilpivirine (RPV) is currently the only long-acting (LA) injectable antiretroviral therapy (ART) recommended for people living with HIV (PLHIV) who have achieved viral suppression with oral medications. At the 30^th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2023) in Seattle, Washington, US, Dr Moti Ramgopal of the Midway Immunology and Research Center in Fort Pierce, Florida, US, presented 12-month results of the SOLAR (Switch Onto Long-Acting Regimen) study, which demonstrated the efficacy, safety and improved patient satisfaction of LA CAB + RPV in PLHIV vs daily oral ART.